Questions: Neutralization: When Acids Meet Bases

Question 1

What are the two products of a neutralization reaction between an acid and a base?

• A. An acid and a gas
• B. Water and a salt
• C. A base and hydrogen gas
• D. Water and a metal

Answer: (B)

Neutralization produces water (from H+ combining with OH-) and a salt (from the remaining positive and negative ions). For example, hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide → water + sodium chloride (table salt).

Question 2

The term 'salt' in chemistry generally refers to table salt (sodium chloride).

• T. True
• F. False

Answer: False

In chemistry, 'salt' is a general term for any ionic compound that can be formed from a neutralization reaction. Table salt (NaCl) is just one example. Calcium chloride, potassium nitrate, and magnesium sulfate are all salts too. The specific salt produced depends on which acid and base react.

Question 3

Explain how an antacid tablet relieves an upset stomach.

Model answer: The antacid contains a base (like calcium carbonate) that neutralizes excess hydrochloric acid in the stomach, raising the pH and reducing acidity.

Your stomach naturally produces hydrochloric acid to digest food. When too much acid is produced, it causes discomfort. The base in an antacid reacts with the excess H+ ions in the stomach acid through a neutralization reaction, producing water and a salt. This raises the pH of the stomach contents, reducing the burning sensation.