Which topic calls for informative (explanatory) process analysis rather than directive process analysis?
AHow to change a flat tire
BHow to make pancakes
CHow the human heart pumps blood
DHow to set up an email account
Readers do not perform the heart's pumping; they want to understand how it works. That is informative process analysis. The other topics give the reader steps to follow, which is directive process writing.
Question 2 Multiple Choice
A student's instructions for planting a tree say: 'Dig a hole. Put the tree in. Fill the hole.' What is the main weakness?
AThe steps are in the wrong order
BThe steps lack the detail and reasons a beginner needs, such as how deep to dig and why to loosen the roots
CThe writing is too formal
DProcess writing should not use commands
The order is correct, but the steps are too thin for a novice. Good process writing anticipates what the reader does not know: measurements, materials, warnings, and the purpose of key steps.
Question 3 True / False
In directive process writing, warnings should be collected in a section at the end so they do not interrupt the steps.
TTrue
FFalse
Answer: False
Warnings belong before or at the step where the risk occurs. A reader following the steps may not reach a warning placed at the end until it is too late.
Question 4 Short Answer
Why is testing instructions by having someone follow them exactly a useful revision strategy?
Think about your answer, then reveal below.
Model answer: The tester does only what the words say, so missing steps, vague terms, and unstated assumptions become visible. The writer can then add or clarify those parts for a real reader.
Writers tend to fill gaps from their own knowledge without noticing. A literal reader exposes the gaps that the writer's expertise hides.