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Understanding Perimeter

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402topics build on this
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PerimeterMeasuring Length in Standard Units+1 moreUnderstanding Perimeter as a Distance Around
perimeter rectangles distance-around

Core Idea

Perimeter is the distance around a shape. To find the perimeter of a rectangle, add all four side lengths. A rectangle with sides of 3 and 2 units has a perimeter of 3+2+3+2 = 10 units.

Explainer

Perimeter is simply the total distance you would walk if you traveled all the way around the outside of a shape without lifting your feet. Imagine walking around a soccer field: you'd walk one long side, one short side, the other long side, and the other short side. Add those four distances together, and you have the perimeter of the field.

A rectangle has a special property that makes perimeter easy to work with: opposite sides are equal. The two long sides are the same length, and the two short sides are the same length. So if you know the length and the width, you know all four sides. A rectangle 3 units long and 2 units wide has sides of 3, 2, 3, 2 — and the perimeter is 3 + 2 + 3 + 2 = 10 units.

You can also think about this using what you know about addition. Since the two lengths are the same and the two widths are the same, you're really adding pairs: 3 + 3 = 6 for the two long sides, and 2 + 2 = 4 for the two short sides, then 6 + 4 = 10. Either way of adding gives the same answer.

One thing to pay close attention to is the units. If the sides are measured in centimeters, the perimeter is in centimeters. If the sides are measured in feet, the perimeter is in feet. Perimeter is a length — a distance — so it always needs a unit. Writing "10" without "units" or "cm" or "feet" is an incomplete answer.

Practice Questions 5 questions

Prerequisite Chain

Understanding ZeroThe Number ZeroCounting to FiveCounting to 10Counting to 20Counting a Set of Objects Up to 20Cardinality: The Last Number CountedMatching Numerals to QuantitiesSubitizing Small QuantitiesAddition Within 10Making 10 as an Addition StrategyAddition Within 20Doubles and Near DoublesDoubles Facts Within 10Near Doubles Facts Within 20Mental Math Strategies for AdditionMental Math: Adding and Subtracting TensAddition Within 100Repeated Addition as MultiplicationMultiplication as Equal GroupsMultiplication: ArraysBasic Multiplication Facts Through 10Multiplication Facts Within 100Division as Equal SharingDivision as Grouping (Measurement Division)Division: Grouping (Repeated Subtraction) ModelDivision: Fair Sharing ModelDivision as Equal SharingDivision as GroupingBasic Division FactsDivision Facts Within 100Multiplication and Division Fact FamiliesRelationship Between Multiplication and DivisionDivision Facts as Inverse of MultiplicationRemainders and Quotients in DivisionDivision Word ProblemsMulti-Step Word ProblemsSolving Multi-Step Word ProblemsMultiplication Word ProblemsDivision Word ProblemsIntroduction to Long DivisionFactors and MultiplesPrime and Composite NumbersEquivalent FractionsRelating Fractions and DecimalsDecimal Place ValueIntegers and the Number LineComparing and Ordering IntegersLength ComparisonMeasuring Length with Non-Standard UnitsMeasuring Length in Standard UnitsUnderstanding Perimeter

Longest path: 52 steps · 239 total prerequisite topics

Prerequisites (3)

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